Bit with adjustable cutting blade



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Nov. 18, 1952 Filed Dec.

Nov. 18, 1952 H. c. WILSON 2,618,304

u BIT WITH ADJUSTABLE CUTTING BL'ADE `Filed Deo. 11, 194e 2 SHEETS- SHEET 2 @rive/ver Patented Nov. 18, 1952 UNITED STATES srENT OFFICE BIT WITH ADJUSTABLE CUTTING BLADE Harry C. Wilson, Sherman Oaks, Calif., assigner to Robert H. Clark, Los Angeles, Calif.

Application December 11, 1946, Serial No. 715,422

adjustable so that it is operable to make holes of various sizes.

It is a general object of my present invention to provide an adjustable bit or boring tool that can be easily and quickly adjusted through a Wide range of sizes and which is highly eiiicient in action.

Another object of this invention is to provide an adjustable bit of the general character referred to involving a blade of unique, simple, yet highly effective form. The blade that I have provided is a simple hat plate-like element that can be manufactured very easily and quickly and which can be sharpened to have a most desirable cutting action.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a bit of the character referred to involving a blade holding or clamping structure of unique, improved form and construction.

A further object of the invention is to provide la bit of the general character referred to involving a simple, practical, improved operating means for the jaw that clamps the cutter blade.

The various objects and features of mv invention will be fully understood from the following detailed description of typical preferred forms and applications of my invention, throughout which description reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a typical preferred form of bit embodying the present invention,

vshowing it in use. Fig. 2 is a side view of the bit removed from the work, being a view taken as indicated by line 2 2 on Fig. '1. Fig. 3 is a view of the bit removed from the work taken as indi-` cated byline 3-3 on Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a bottom or end view of the bit showing it removed from the work taken as indicated by line 4 -4 on Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional View of the bit taken as indicated by line 5-5 on Fig. 1. Fig.

. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 showing another form of construction. Fig. 7 is a view of the structure shown in Fig. 6 taken as indicated by line '1 -'I on Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a View similar to Fig. 1 showing another form of construction. Fig. 9 is a view taken as indicated by line 9 9 on Fig. 3 showing the structure removed from the work. Fig. 10 is a view taken as indicated by line Ill- Ill on Fig. 3, showing the structure removed from the work. Fig. l1 is an end view of the structure taken as indicated by line I I--I I on Fig. 8, showing the structure removed from the Work. Fig. 12 is an enlarged sectional view taken as indicated by line I2--I2 on Fig. 8, showing the structure removed from the work and Fig. 13` is an enlarged sectional View taken as indicated by line I3-I3 on Fig. 8.

Referring specifically to the form of the invention illustrated inFigs. 1 to 5, inclusive, the bit that I have provided involves, generally, Aa

'shank A, a head B on'the shank, a cutter C in engagement with the head, a clamp jaw D clamp- 'ing the cutter to the head,vmeans E connecting the jaw and the head, and means F operatingthe jaw relative to the head to clamp the cutter.

The shank A may vary in size, shape and proportions. However, it is ordinarily a simple, straight rod or shaft round in cross section and uniform in size throughout its length'. The par ticular shank illustrated is shown provided at its inner end with a polygonal enlargement II) to be received by the chuck or like element of an operating device or machine. Further, I have shown diametrically opposite flattened parts or surfaces I I on the shank near the outer end portion thereof suitable for the reception of a wrench or the like.

The head B is mounted on or applied to the lower end of the shank and is in the nature of an enlargement at the lower end of the shank. The head maybe formed of a length of material round in cross section except for a flattened side I2. The head that I have provided has a at lower end face I3 against which the cutter C rests or bears and in the preferred form of the invention this face is inclined relative to a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the tool. In the preferred form of the invention the face I3 is inclined in two directions relative to a plane normal to the longitudinal asis of the tool. which directions are at right angles-to each other aswill be apparent from theV drawings. v

The cutter C that I have provided is preferably a :dat plate-lie part elongate in form so that it has substantially parallel side edges 20 and ZI and has rounded end edges 22 and 23. The lend 22 is the yuppermost end while 'the end 23 is the lowermost end and occurs at the cutting oractive portion of the cutter. The side edge 20 of the cutter plate is preferably substantially parallel .'ith and also in a plane coincidental with the at side I2 of the head, as shown in the drawings, while the side edge 2l occurs at the bottom of the channel formed by the cooperation of the jaw D, means E and the bottom end of the head B.

The particular tool illustrated in the drawings is intended for operation in a clockwise direction in which case the edge 20 of the cutter is the forward or leading edge at that portion of the cutter projecting downward from the head. I provide a cutting edge 30 where the edge 20 of the cutter joins the bottom 3| thereof, which cutting edge is somewhat curved and extends from the region of the head B to the outer lower end of the cutter where it adjoins a spur 32 that depends downwardly from the lower outer end of the cutter. The spur serves to make a narrow annular cut 33 in the work Wleaving a boss-like projection or core to be cui'l away by the edge 30, and by the edge established on the jaw D, as hereinafter described.

The clamp jaw D which engages the lower side or face 3| of the cutter C preferably corresponds, generally, in size and shape with the head B exceptvthat it is of limited axial extent, being just suciently thick a'Xially'to have the desired body and rigidity. The lower corner or edge 40 of the jaw D which moves forward as the tool operates is dressed or sharpened to'be a cutting edge which supplements the edge 3D of the cutter in removing the core left by the spur.32. The jaw D is preferably shaped so that the edge 40 extends inwardly to a point close to the center of the structure so that vit is effectivev in removing the central portion of the core, in fact, so that it cuts to a point immediately adjacent `the feed screw 4I that depends below the jaw.

The means E that 'connects the jaw D and head B is located at one Vside of the head B, that is, at the side diametrically opposite the flat side I2 so that it occurs at the edge 2| of the cutter C. In the form of rthe invention under consideration the means E includes or is formed by a web 44 which couples or joins the lower end portion of the head B and the jaw D. In the form 'the'jaw and theflower end of the head Wide Venough and also deep enough to accommodate fthe cutter.V I make the web 44 such that it connects orcou'ples' the jaw and head and yet allows for movement ofthe jaw relative to the lower end of thehead Vso that it can be moved toward the 'headin order to clamp and grip the cutter C.

The means` F provided for operating the jaw D relative Ato the head D is preferably a screw means. that is, it preferably includes a clamp screw 50 carried by or depending from the shank 'A -so" that it is rotatably carried in a central openingI in the head B and threads into an .opening 52 inthe jaw D. The screw 50 is shown joined or coupled rto the lower end ofthe shank A by a tapered shoulder portion 53 which seats in a tapered socket 54 formed in the upper end of the head B. The feed screw 4I depends from the lower end of the clamp screw 5U andis preferably a tapered screw projecting a substantial 'distance below both the jaw D and the cutter C. In practice I prefer to make the thread or clampY screw 5I) continuous with the thread of f the feed screw 4I. Y

With the construction just described the shank is rotatable relative to the head B to cause the -'Ysc revv*750th turn in the opening 5I and since the z jaw D 'is threaded to the screw it can be moved either up or down relative to the head. To clamp the cutter between the jaw and the head the screw 5U is rotated until the shouldered portion 53 seats firmly on the tapered seat portion 54 following which continued rotation of the screw causes the jaw to be moved toward the cutter so that the cutter is clamped to the bottom face I3 ofthe head.

It is a feature of my invention that the clamp screw 5l) ties or couples the cutter to the head and clamp jaw so that it does not become separated or detached therefrom and I provide for adjustment ofthe cutter so that the lip end thereof can be located various distances from the central axis of the tool. To accomplish the desired adjustment of the cutter I provide a longitudinal opening or slot 55 in the cutter, which slot passes the clamp screw 50 and thus enables the cutter to be slid or shifted laterally when the clamp jaw is released. In the preferred form of my invention I provide means for indicating the position to which the cutter has been adjusted which means may include a scale 56 on the nat side of the head B cooperating with a reference mark 51 on the edge 2U of the cutter.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that I have provided a structure that is simple and which involves few parts, which can be easily operated and which-is dependable. Assuming the jaw to be released the cutter can be adjusted to the desired position and then the jaw is set to clamp the cutter by rotating the shank relative to the head. If desired tools can be employed for this operation, the flat side I2 of the head providing a part readily engaged by a wrench or the like, and the nat sides I I and the polygonal part I0 of the shank providing parts on the shank that can be engaged by suitable tools.

As the tool operates the feed screw leads the cutting parts into the work so that the spurv l makes the annular cut 33 while the edges 3l! and 40 of the cutter C and jaw D, respectively,'cut the core left by the spur.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 I show a modif-led form of means connecting the clamp jaw and head. In this case the means E' instead of being in the form of a web integrally joining the jaw and head is a web which is split or divided along a line 50 so that the` jaw is separable from the head. It is desirable in such case to provide means for orienting the jaw relative to the head and for preventing rotation of the jaw relative to the head as the shank is operated to clamp the jaw toward the head. In the case illustrated I show a lug 6I on one section of the split web engaged in a suitable recess 62 in the other section of the split web. Except for the specific details just referred to the other parts of this form of the invention may be the same as those above described.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 8 to 13 of the drawings the means E2 between or connecting the jaw D' and the head B' is formed by opposed rib-like parts 'I0 and 'II on the head and jaw, respectively, which parts overle the edge 2| of the cutter C but do not bear one on the other as do the parts in the form of the invention shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 8 to 13 the means for operating the jaw D includes a clamp screw 5I!a independent of the shank. In this case the shank has a fiat shoulder 53a at Iits lower end normal to the axis of the shank and against which the Vupper end of the head bears. A reduced extension of the shank extends downwardly through an opening 5I@L in the head and has the feed screw vila formed on its lower end to Iproject below the jaw D. The extension 'I5 is made fast in the opening Sie as by brazing, welding, or other suitable means.

The clamp screw 56a extends through the longitudinal slot 55a provided in the cutter C and it extends through an opening 'H in the jaw and is threaded into an opening 78 formed in the assembly of the hea-d B and extension 'I5 of the shank. The screw 5l)a has a head 'I9 in the bottom or lower side of the jaw which head .can be engaged by a suitable operating tool so that the screw can be rotated. The screw being threaded in the opening 18 it can be rotated to move the jaw D' toward the cutter C causing the cutter to be clamped against the bottom end face I :if1L of the head. The structure that I have described may correspond to that lrst des-cribed, except for the particular .pointed out.

Having described only typical preferred forms and appli-cations of my invention, I do not wish to be limited or restricted to the specific details herein set forth but wish to reserve to myself any variations or modiiications that may appear to those skilled .in the art and fall within the Scope of the following claims:

Having described my invention, I claim:

-1. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a hea-d on the 'shank having a flat inclined lower end, a slotted elongate blade seated upward against said end of the head, a jaw separate from the head and engaging the lower side of the head and clamping the blade to the head, and a screw operating the jaw, the screw connecting the jaw and the head and engaged through the blade, the head and jaw having ribs projecting therefrom toward each other and both engaging one side edge of the blade.

2. A bit of the I'character described including, an elongate shank, a head on the shank and having a flat lower end face, an elongated blade bearing upward against said end of the head to .project laterally from the head and having a cutting edge on said projecting portion, a clamp jaw substantially coextensive with said end and bearing against the lower side of the blade and clam-ping the blade to the head, and screw means operating the clamp jaw upwardly against the blade, the said end face being inclined both longitudinally and transversely of the blade with respect to a plane normal to the shank.

3. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head rotatable on the shank having a flat lower end face, a iiat elongate longitudinally slotted blade bearing upward against said end face of the head to project laterally from the head and having a cutting edge on said projecting portion, a clamp jaw engaging the lower side of the blade and clamping the blade to the head, an-d screw mea-ns operating the clamp jaw including a clamp screw rigid with and extending from the shank through the slot in the blade and between the head and jaw and threaded into the jaw, the said end of the head being inclined relative to a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the shank to support the blade with both the longitudinal and transverse'axes lof the blade inclined with respect to a plane normal to the shank.

4. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head rotatable on the shank having an end face, a fiat elongate longitudinally slotted blade bea-ring on said end face of the head to project laterally from the head and having a cutting edge on said projecting portion, a clamp jaw clamping the blade to the head, and screw means operating the clamp jaw including a clamp screw rigid with and extending from the shank through the slot lin the blade and between the head and jaw threaded into the jaw, the shank having a tapered portion engaged in a tapered socket in the head, the said end of the head being incl-ined relative to a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the shank to support the blade with both the longitudinal and transverse axes of the blade inclined with respect to a plane normal to the shank.

5. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head rotatable on the shank having an end face, a at elongate longitudinally slotted blade bearing on said end face of the Ahead to project laterally from the head and having a cutting edge on said projecting portion, a clamp jaw clamping the blade to the head, screw means operating the clamp jaw including a clamp screw integral with and extending from the shank through the slot in the blade and between the head and jaw and threaded into the jaw, the shank having a tapered .p-ortion enga-ged in a tapered socket in the head, and a feed screw projecting from said clamp screw, the said end of the head being inclined relative to a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the shank to support the blade with both the longitudinal and transverse axes of the blade inclined with respect to a plane normal to the shank.

6. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head rotatable on the shank having an end face inclined from a plane normal to the shank, an elongate longitudinally slotted blade bearing on said end face of the head to project laterally from the head and having a cutting edge on said projecting portion, a clamp jaw clamp-ing the blade to the head, and screw means operating the clamp jaw including a clamp screw integral with and extending from the shank through the slot in 4the blade and between the head and jaw and threaded into the jaw.

7. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head rotatable on the shank having an end face inclined from a plane normal to the shank, an elongate longitudinally slotted blade bearing on said end face of the head to project laterally from the head and having a cutting edge on said projecting portion, a clamp jaw clamping the blade to the head, and screw means operating the clamp jaw including a clamp screw integral with and extending from the shank through the slot in the blade and between the head and jaw and threaded into the jaw, the shank having a tapered portion engaged in a tapered socket in the head.

8. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head rotatable on the shank having an end face inclined from a plane normal to the shank in two directions at right angles to each other, an elongate longitudinally slotted blade bearing on said end face of the head to project laterally from the head and having a cutting edge on said projecting portion, a clamp jaw clamping the blade to the head, a web integrally connecting Ithe head and jaw, screw means operating the clamp jaw including a clamp screw extending from the shank through the slot in the blade and between the head and jaw and threaded into the jaw, the shank having a tapered portion engaged in a tapered ,socketA in the head, and a feed screw projecting from said clamp screw.

t'}.-`A` bitl of; the? character described including, an` elongate shank, ahead on the shank having a flat; inclined downwardly faced lower end, a slotted blade upwardly seated against said end face of. the head, a-jaw substantially coextensive with saidv end face and engaging the lower side of the blade clamping the blade to the head, and a screw operatingy the jaw, the screw tying the jaw and the headY together and engaged through the blade, the screw having a part engaging the jaw and being threaded to thehead. Y

l0. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head on the shank having a flat lower end face, a slotted elongate blade upwardly seated against said end face of the head and having a cutting part at one end, a jaw substantially coextensive with said end face and engaging the lower side of the blade clamping the blade to the said face of the head, and screw means operating the jaw, the screw means tying the jaw and the head together and engaged through the blade, the said face of the head being pitched relative to a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the shank so the said part of the bladev projects axially of the bit beyond the head and jaw.

1l. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head on the shank having a'flat downwardly faced lower end, a slotted elongate blade bearing up against said end of the head and having a cutting part at one end, a jaw engaging the lower side of the blade clamping the blade to the head, and a jaw clamping screw connecting the head and the jaw, the screw being rigid with the shank, threaded to the jaw and engaged through the blade, the said end of the head being pitched relative to a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the shank so the said part of the vblade projects axially of the bit beyond the head and jaw.

l2. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head on the shank having a dat downwardly faced lower end, a slotted4 elongate blade seated upwardly against said end of the head and having a cutting part at one end, a jaw engaging the lower side of the blade clamping the blade to the head, and a jaw operating screw concentric and rigid with the shank, the screw being engaged with the head and engaged through th'e blade and threaded to the jaw, the said end of the head being pitched relative to a planeV normal to the longitudinal axis of the shank so the said part of the blade projects axially of the bit beyond the head and jaw.

i3. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head onthe shank having a flat downwardly faced lower end, a slotted elongate blade seated upwardly against said end of the head and having a cutting par-t at one end, a jaw engaging the lower side of the blade clamping the blade to the head, a web integrally joining the head and jaw and a screw operating the jaw,v the screw connecting the jaw and the head andi engaged through the blade, the said end of the head being pitched relative to a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the shank locat.- ingvthe' said part ofthe blade forward of the head and'jaw.

le. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head on the shank having a ilat downwardly'faced lower end, a longitudinally slotted elongate blade seated upward against said end of the headand having a cutting part at one en'd, az jawv separate from the head and bearing against the lower side of the blade clamping the bladel to the head, and a screw operating the jaw; the screw connecting the jaw and the head and engaged through the blade, thel said end of the head beingv pitched relative to a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the shank locating the said part of the blade forward of the head and Jaw.

15. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head rotatable on the shank having a ilat lower end face, a flat elongate blade bearing upwardly against said end face of the head to project laterally from the head and' having a cutting edge on said projecting portion, a clamp jaw clamping the blade to the head, and a jaw operating screw rigid with the shank and threaded to the clamp jaw, the said end face being inclined relativeA to a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the shank to support the blade pitched longitudinally yand transversely from `a plane normal to the shank.

16. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head on the shank having a flat inclined lower end face, `a slotted blade seated upwardv against said face of the head, ka jaw separate from the head and having a part spaced from the head and adapted to clamp the blade to the head, and a jaw operating screw substantially central of the shank, the head being concentric with the shank and the screw being engaged with the head 'and' engaged through the blade and with the jaw, the head and jaw directly opposing each other at one side edge of the blade.

17. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head on the shank having a lower end face, a flat blade bearing upward against said end face of the head to project laterally from the head `and having a cutting edge on said projecting portion, a clamp jaw substantially coextensive with said end face and engaging the lower side of the blade and adapted to clamp the blade to the head, Iand -a screw rigid with the shank 4and Ithreaded to the clamp jaw adapted to urge the jaw upwardly against the blade, there being a cutting edge on the jaw at the periphery thereof and in a plane parallel with that of the said end face of the head, the said end face of the head being inclined relative to a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the shank to support the blade with both the longitudinal and ytransverse axes of the blade inclined with respect to 'a plane normal to the shank there being a cutting edge on the jaw at lthe periphery thereof and in a plane parallel with that of the said end face of the head.

18. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head on Ithe shank having a at lower end face, a flat elongate blade bearing upward against said end face of the head to project laterally from'the head and having a cutting edge on said projecting portion, a clamp jaw engaging the lower side of the blade and adapted to clamp the blade to the head, a web connecting the head and jaw at one edge of the blade, vand screw means adapted to operate the clamp jaw to urge 'the jaw upwardly against lthe blade.

19. A bit of the character described including, an elongate shank, a head' on the shank and having `a flat lower end face, a flat elongate longitudinally slotted blade bearing upward against said end face of the head to project laterally from the head and having a cutting edge on said projecting portion, a clamp j-aw substantially coextensive with said-end face and engaging the 9 lower side of 'the blade and clamping the blade to the head, and a. screw rigid with the shank and threaded to the clamp ja-w, said screw extending through the slo-t in the blade and between the head and jaw and 'adapted to urge the jaw upwardly against the blade.

A HARRY yC. WILSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

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